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A second case, being prepared by a lower court near Istanbul, also under the requisite bust of Ataturk, represents another challenge to his legacy. More than 100 alleged members of a group known as Ergenekon, including retired generals, journalists and former bureaucrats, stand accused of orchestrating a series of political killings and unrest over the last three years, including the assassination of a High Court judge. The alleged goal: to provoke the Army into toppling the AKP government. Like the case in Ankara, the Ergenekon case is a key test of whether the elected government can reassert control over Turkey. Ergenekon is the latest in a series of conspiracies between members of the armed forces and ultranationalist hit men, using assassination to defend the Kemalist system. Rarely have such conspirators been prosecuted. This time looks different, and Turkey's secular elite suddenly looks less untouchable. Turkey's military brass, the intelligence service (known as MIT) and the police have aggressively pursued suspects including academics, leftist politicians, top journalists and even two retired generals, former commanders of the First Army and the Gendarmerie paramilitary police. The Army's own top brass agreed to the arrests of the two generals last month at their homes in military compounds. If the prosecution is successful, Erdogan will have sent a powerful message that the backing of ultranationalists by the military or the police is unacceptable.
The verdict of the courts will determine who really holds power in Turkey: officials and the self-proclaimed patriots who consider themselves to be the guardians of Turkey's Constitution, or the Turkish people. It will also send a clear signal about Turkey's credibility as a functional democracy—as well as its path toward membership in the European Union. Erdogan is working to convince his secular opponents that the best course for Turkey is to strengthen its democracy—even if that means mildly Muslim parties winning the elections. "If you invest in democracy, economic stability and trust can take root," Erdogan said last week. And if you take down an elected government on flimsy charges, trouble will grow. The only question is how big.
With Sami Kohen in Instanbul
© 2008
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