THE LAST WORD

The Final Repudiation

Americans should ponder the profound implications of the long evolution, through six stages, of the presidential-selection process.

 
 
 

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In a Presidential contest replete with novelties, none was more significant than this: A candidate's campaign—for his party's nomination, then for the presidency—was itself virtually the entire validation of his candidacy. Voters have endorsed Barack Obama's audacious—but not, they have said, presumptuous—proposition, which was: The skill, tenacity, strategic vision and tactical nimbleness of my campaign is proof that I am presidential timber.

Because imitation is the sincerest form of politics, the 2008 campaign will not be the last in which such a proposition is asserted. Obama's achievement represents the final repudiation of the Founders' intentions regarding the selection, and hence the role, of presidents. So Americans should understand the long evolution of the selection process.

It is strange but true: Presidential politics, although of paramount importance, is a game without settled rules. More than two centuries after ratification of the Constitution, there is no stable system for selecting presidential candidates.

James W. Ceaser, professor of politics at the University of Virginia, writing in the Claremont Review of Books, notes that, contrary to conventional understanding, the Constitution created not three but four "national institutions." They are the Congress, the Supreme Court, the presidency—and the presidential selection system, based on the Electoral College. "The question of presidential selection," Ceaser writes, "was just that important to the Founders."

Under their plan, the nomination of candidates and the election of the president were to occur simultaneously. Electors meeting in their respective states, in numbers equal to their states' senators and representatives, would vote for two people for president. The electors' winnowing of aspirants was the nomination process. When the votes were opened in the U.S. House of Representatives, the candidate with a majority would become president, the runner-up would become vice president. If no person achieved a majority of electoral votes, the House would pick from among the top five vote getters. Note well: The selection of presidential nominees was to be controlled by the Constitution.

The Founders' intent, Ceaser writes, was to prevent the selection of a president from being determined by the "popular arts" of campaigning, such as rhetoric. The Founders, Ceaser says, "were deeply fearful of leaders deploying popular oratory as the means of winning distinction." That deployment would invite demagoguery, which subverts moderation. "Brilliant appearances," wrote John Jay in The Federalist Papers 64, "… sometimes mislead as well as dazzle." By telling members of the political class how not to get considered for the presidency, the Founders hoped to (in Ceaser's words) "make virtue the ally of interest" and shape the behavior of that class.

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  • Posted By: Fernadez @ 06/28/2009 2:23:42 PM

    The Federal Government???s flood of red ink hit another high-water mark as the bama adminstration,Treasury Department quietly reported today that the National Debt hit $11-trillion for time ever. To be exact, the Debt now stands at $11,033,157,578,669.78. Divide it by the U.S. population and it comes up to over $36,000 in debt for every man, woman and child among us.And the government is running up mountains of debt with increasing speed. It took just over 5 ½ months for Uncle Sam Obama to operates in great urgency speed,to retrives the US tainted economy to the right track,which already bright in red ink economy with the previous adminstration. Obama needs another trillion dollars $787 billion as stimulus deeper in debt urgency,since hitting $10-trillion lastSeptember 30th under Bush. It???s the fastest in U.S history.

    As for those unpatience,idotics right wing nuts ,whning lies about the obama $787 billion development,shouting more of same under Bush have no economy idea how hard for Obama to convince CHINA to take up US BOND AND NOTES, THIS MONEY still at China Treasury Dept,to be release soon after Obama made a promise to Guarantee China through (US Tax Payers)to Premier Wen Jiabao as China already holding almost One trillion in US BOND and NOTE.

    For those do NOT understand about US BOND and NOTE interest,here some light.
    The 5 years guarantee payment for any US 27 billion,3 billion as interest payment the holder.The bigger amount issued bigger the quantum interest as payment will be.......SO stop Dreaming,Lets Lives on the real World.!

  • Posted By: 01oriole @ 03/07/2009 1:24:29 PM

    I voted for Hillary, then Obama. We should all thank committed Americans, like George Will, for being serious about the perils of straying too far from the legitimate intentions of those who conceived and constructed our Republic. The Founders knew a great deal about human nature and political history; they sought to avoid known mistakes of past polities at every turn. Popular arts and brilliant appearances, merely, are not enough. It appears and we continue to hope Mr. Obama is a great deal more, but then Mr. Will has recognized and engaged the Obama presidency patriotically. Thank you, George - this article is a needed and enlightening reminder.

  • Posted By: asthete1 @ 02/15/2009 12:16:57 PM

    George you are too transparent with your politics. This process seemed to not be adhered to 8 years ago when George Bush was annointed President by the Supreme Court. Also, there is more to leadership than a resume as we are seeing Obama try to bring about change as a leader in a political environment that doesn't take well to change.

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