WORLD AFFAIRS

The Rise Of The Hindu Right

Upcoming elections in India could help usher an even more nationalist BJP back into power.

Mahesh Kumar A. / AP
Activists from the youth wing of the Bharatiya Janata Party during a Hyderabad rally earlier this month
 

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It's election season in India, and that's bad news for the hapless Congress party. Six states go to the polls in the coming month, in what some experts are calling a bellwether for next year's general election. And though the races are too close to call, some pundits say Congress is likely to fare poorly. But that's not the worst of it. The slack in four of the contests may be taken up by the opposition Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)—a Hindu nationalist organization that's surging in strength in a new, more aggressive form. In an especially worrisome twist, police say they recently uncovered possible links between BJP-associated Hindu nationalist organizations and suspected Hindu terrorists—a first for a mainstream Indian party.

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The BJP's renewed appeal can be explained, at least in part, by timing. Under the leadership of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, who is not known for his political acumen, Congress has lost the last eight state elections in a row. Now the worldwide financial crisis has sent inflation spiraling and slowed growth, further damaging the government's chances. The BJP hopes to capitalize on the bad economic conditions when voters head to the polls in Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Mizoram and Rajasthan this month. While nothing's guaranteed, many observers expect Congress to get trounced. "Their machine is in tatters," says Mahesh Rangarajan, a Delhi University political analyst.

While that's bad for Congress, it wouldn't necessarily be a problem for India—but for two things. First, the state elections could well forecast the fate of the Congress-led ruling coalition, the United Progressive Alliance (UPA), in next nationwide poll, which must take place before May 2009. (The UPA's own rural-development minister recently said the state votes represented a "mini general election.") And second, the BJP has taken a nastier turn since it last led the country in 2004.

To get a sense of the shift, consider the BJP's candidate for prime minister this time around. Lal Krishna Advani is an aging rabble-rouser who in the mid-1990s helped gather a huge Hindu mob that tore down the 16th-century Babri Mosque, leading to riots that killed more than 2,000 people (Advani was later cleared of criminal charges). He is far more radical than his predecessor, Atal Behari Vajpayee, who served as prime minister from 1998 to 2004. And Advani's heir apparent is Gujarat's chief minister, Narendra Modi—who has been denied entry to the United States for his alleged role in the 2002 riots in Gujarat that killed more than 1,000. Not long after the riots, Modi warned a crowd that Muslims were trying to erode India's Hindu majority by having many children. "We have to teach a lesson to those who are increasing the population at an alarming rate," he said.

Then there's the alleged terror link. Since Oct. 24, the state of Maharashtra's Anti-Terrorism Squad has arrested 10 Hindu nationalists—including a lieutenant colonel in Army intelligence, a prominent Hindu spiritual leader and a former party worker from the BJP's student wing—for suspected involvement in a 2006 attack previously blamed on Muslim extremists. The case has yet to come to trial and the suspects maintain they are innocent. But the news, if true, would mark the first known terrorist bombing in India's history involving Hindu extremists—rather than Muslim radicals, separatists or Maoist revolutionaries—and the story has shocked the country. Rather than disown the suspects, however, BJP grandees have leapt to their defense. On Nov. 10, party president Rajnath Singh said that "whosoever believes in nationalism cannot be a terrorist," and on Nov. 12 he complained that "this government is targeting Hindu spiritual leaders without evidence … We find this investigation very suspicious."

The explanation for the BJP's rightward tilt lies with its increased reliance on its parent organization, the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). During the Vajpayee years and in the run-up to the 2004 national elections, the BJP generally tried to divorce itself from anti-Muslim vitriol and the RSS. But the debacle of that campaign—in which Congress won a stunning victory despite the consensus that the BJP had presided over an economic boom—gave nationalists the upper hand. The BJP's defeat reminded its leadership that it remains a cadre-based party united by its ideology, not a charismatic leader. And the bulk of those cadres come from the 4.5 million-member RSS. The RSS advocates a philosophy known as Hindutva and favors turning India into a Hindu state (the country's population is 80 percent Hindu) and designating religious minorities as second-class citizens. Without its nationalist ideology it wouldn't be clear what the BJP stood for. On most issues, the party's positions are actually very similar to Congress's (both parties advocate further economic reform and increased ties to the United States, for example).

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Member Comments

  • Posted By: Johann Dusseldorf @ 03/08/2009 11:26:58 AM

    No election can bring Hindu power. Only a coup d'etat will. After that copy some European tactis.

    Reconquista, expulsion , Courts of Inquisition, (possible a reign of Terror), A Hindu emperor who every citizen is to follow in religion.

    If all of this does not wortk: Endloesung.

  • Posted By: naveenkvm @ 01/02/2009 4:44:10 PM

    The Congress party workers killed thousands of innocent sikhs and raped many women in 1984 under the leadeship of Rajiv Gandhi. Many congress leaders who were involved in this mass murder festival were given party tickets to contest parliament and provincial assembly elections on behalf of congress party. They were not punished till now because the Congress party always protected them. This is the plight of indians under the rule of Congress party.

    The prime minister Manmohan Singh openly said that "Muslims should have primary right on the resources of INDIA".
    Should hindus shut up after listening these kind of holy words from PRIME MINISTER? Will whites remain silent if American govt says blacks should have primary right on all resources of USA? What will they do?

    Congress party PM Nehru gave away Tibet to China in 1962 without caring about the plight of innocent tibetans who were raped and cruelly murdered by chinese army till date. Nehru gave aksai chin ti China and lot of Kashmir land to Pakistan. Is this supposed to be an act of a PRIME MINISTER who should protect the integrity of country instead of shamelessly surrendering to other countries? Should we elect such kind of leaders so that foreign powers can rule india for some more centuaries depriving us of our security and rights?

    Will ITALIANS ACCEPT AN INDIAN AS THEIR PRIME MINISTER OR PRESIDENT? Will they? But Congress party is imposing an imported european with a tag of GANDHI as our leader? Should we choose that foreign leader or should we choose a leader like AB Vajpayee or LK Advani who dedicated their life fighting for security and prosperity of native indians for the past 60 years?

    If you still want to know more info, go to india and know yourself and then publish an article.

    Thanks for your valuable time reading my response :)

    LOVE U :)

  • Posted By: naveenkvm @ 01/02/2009 4:12:55 PM

    your article clearly indicates your baptist evangelist mentality. BJP came to power not because of communal riots. The Congress party and Nehru's family robbed india horribly for 50 years and made us slaves for their family rule. Congress always encouraged radical islamic groups and tolerated all terror attacks on hindus in Godhra in 2002(58 hindu preists were burnt alive by violent muslims mobs after which hindus retaliated. Muslims started this problem). Babri Mosque was built by muslim invaders by destroying sacred Hindu Temple. It's our place. How can we afford to built mosque on the birth place of our god? Israel also had same problem. Muslims demolished Jews sacred temple and built mosque. Is it a peaceful act by muslims? In the indian state of Orissa, radical christian organizations insulted hinduism by carrying naked pictures of hindu gods and chanting insulting vocabulary of hindu gods. Will christians tolerate if hindus carry naked pictures of Jesus and shout anti-Jesus slogans? RSS is not a terrorist organization. It's CPM (who openly supported china being indian citizens during 1962 war), Congress (who never took any action on islamic terrorists who killed thousands of hindus in kashmir). Before publishing any article, please analyse the truth. You are simply portraying hindus as communal people. What about your british killing millions of red indians in USA and indigenous australian indians? Please post articles about those atrocties also so that everybody will be aware of how peaceful christian missionaries are. Jesus gave message of peace but it was distorted by his followers for their political benefits.

    Do you know how many millions of hindus were killed by muslim fundamentalists in Bangladesh and Pakistan? Did you ever spent time on knowing about those atrocties and millions of bangladeshi hindus and kashmiri pundits living in refugee camps in india?

    You can write any article. No problem. But please know the truth before writing any article instead of blindly listening to the Italian National Congress Party and Chinese Communist Party in india. Go to common indians and then listen their problems. Then you will understand how hindus got betrayed by their own leaders in the name of pseudo secualrism.


    BJP is INDIAN NATIONALIST party which advocates for security of native indians from external terrorist forces. By your logic, i can brand conservatives in UK and republicans in USA as terrorists. Will you agree?

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