Illustration by Oksana Badrak for Newsweek
ENVIRONMENT & LEADERSHIP

Free At Last

How to achieve genuine energy independence.

 

Email To A Friend

Please fill in the following information and we'll email this link.

Separate multiple addresses with commas

SPONSORED BY
 

Energy independence sounds like such a great idea. If only we could be free … of what, exactly? The single biggest energy exporter to the U.S. is Canada. And even the petrostates we don't like have to sell us oil at whatever price the market sets. We buy lots from Hugo Chávez in Venezuela. He denounces us, we denounce him, but we happily do business together. After all, what else is he going to do with his oil, drink it?

One could make a broader argument: the United States should wean itself off oil in order to diminish its crucial importance in the world of energy. That would make states like Saudi Arabia, Iran, Russia and Venezuela less powerful—and less able to fund militias and terrorist groups. This is a worthwhile goal, but let's be realistic. Given the demands for energy over the next few decades, oil is going to be a key part of the mix, which means that these countries will have plenty of cash. After all, Saudi Arabia was funding extremist Islamic groups in the 1990s, when oil was $20 a barrel. The Saudis were budgeting for oil at $35 until a few years ago—and still swimming in money. I would love to see a world in which radical Islam runs out of money, but I think that we will probably have to struggle against these forces for a long time. There is no quick energy fix.

The real sense in which we should strive for energy independence is somewhat different—and far more ambitious. We need an energy policy that understands that the world is going to require much more energy in the future. The math is pretty simple. Today there are about 6.7 billion people on earth. By 2050 there will be more than 9 billion. To sustain these extra 2.3 billion people while still raising standards of living everywhere, we will need to consume about twice as much energy as we do today. So the debate about oil vs. natural gas vs. biofuels vs. alternative energy is wholly unrealistic. If we are going to sustain and support this kind of population and economic growth, we'll need everything.

The key is to free ourselves at every level of the energy chain. That means, first of all, finding sources of energy that are abundant, cheap and don't have hidden costs—environmental, social or military. (What do I mean by military? Well, if the Middle East produced only carrots, would we have fought the last two wars there? I don't think so. A large part of the American defense budget goes toward protecting our oil supplies.) How do we do that? By generating an enormous diversity in supply and having as many sources as possible be clean and green.

This part most of us understand, and the process of searching for new fuels and energy sources—solar, wind, geothermal—is already underway. But there's another aspect to energy independence that we also need to embrace. As we live and work, we consume resources—food, minerals—and energy, and produce massive amounts of waste. Then we have to spend more energy to deal with it. We are heaping computers in massive new landfills; many countries just burn all their waste, spewing fumes into the atmosphere. This is a cycle that has worked, so far, for 6.7 billion people, many of whom are still poor. But, as Tom Friedman argues eloquently in his call to arms, "Hot, Flat, and Crowded," it's unlikely to work with 9 billion people, many of whom will be consuming and producing more and more.

The solution is to be smarter about how we grow. We can and should build smart grids, highways and better-insulated buildings; cultivate vastly higher-yielding crops; and produce less-costly steel. We can achieve much more economic growth—almost 30 to 40 percent more, by some estimates—while using the same amount of energy. This doesn't depend on some miracle technology we're praying for, simply the disciplined application of technologies that already exist. Greater efficiency will lead to a more sustainable model of growth.

The ultimate goal is well articulated by William McDonough in his book "Cradle to Cradle." As he explains it, recycling today just takes large products—computers—and turns them into pieces of steel and plastic, and eventually those pieces get thrown into landfills. But we now know how to make things so that nothing is wasted—every component is either biodegradable or totally recyclable. Things go back to the earth or they go back into the manufacturing cycle.

This is not pie-in-the-sky stuff. McDonough is an architect and has designed a plant for Ford that saves millions of dollars a year by purifying rainwater on the building's green roof instead of treating it in an expensive facility. He's built a factory for Steelcase corporation in Switzerland where the water coming out is as pure as the water going in. McDonough points out that 4.5 billion pounds of carpet get thrown away every year in the United States. If all that were reused as manufacturing inputs—which can easily be done with existing technologies that don't add costs—you would gain efficiency and sustainability.

Previous technological revolutions have been liberating. Think of the IT revolution. It created the freedom to use massive amounts of computing power in every aspect of life—from a microwave oven to an iPod. The problem with the energy revolution as it stands now is that we are essentially offering the same product—electricity, a hybrid car, a fancy new light bulb—at a higher cost. Sure, you can feel good about it. But technology revolutions are about raising efficiency, not expanding virtue. An energy revolution would produce a world in which we can all use lots of energy without worrying about its costs or consequences.

The search for a silver bullet for energy is wrong on many levels. The real revolution that must take place is one of attitudes and ideas. We have many of the technologies we need. If we put them to work and create systems that allow for all the growth we want without running out of energy or harming the earth, we will have achieved true energy independence.

© 2009

Label

Newsweek Top Stories
Al Gore's Climate-Change Evolution
Al Gore's Climate-Change Evolution

Using emotion to convince people to change.

Heaven Can Wait
Heaven Can Wait

A new book promises proof of eternal life.

The World's Biggest Foods
The World's Biggest Foods

Monster edibles from around America.

Discuss

Sponsored by

Member Comments

  • Posted By: TruthActivistForever @ 07/07/2009 3:33:22 AM

    foreverWhat an absolutely worthless article with an utterly misleading title. Indeed, just a bunch of spew.

    Everyone should make themselves aware of the suppression of alternative energy, many inventors which have worked on claimed alternative if not free energy machines / devices who have not been able to get their machine out for a variety of reasons, untimely deaths are one of them. I bring attention to two (below) here but remember, there is a PATTERN of untimely deaths, not limmited to these two, that should raise an eyebrow at least...

    Stanley Meyers water fuel cell. Died of a heart attack at the age of 57 after appealing a fraud


    "Major discovery' from MIT primed to unleash solar revolution - Scientists mimic essence of plants' energy storage system "
    "Daniel G. Nocera, the Henry Dreyfus Professor of Energy at MIT, has developed a simple method to split water molecules and produce oxygen gas, a discovery that paves the way for large-scale use of solar power"

    Obama should be funneling 10 billion into the MIT discovery, not investing in Chrysler.
    What a worthless article this is and utterly misleading title. Indeed, just a bunch of spew.

    Everyone should make themselves aware of the suppression of alternative energy such as...

    Stanley Meyers - inventor water fuel cell - in 1990 it strongly appears that he was unfairly declared guilty of fraud - unfair because the case was under national security review and the witnesses that were supposed to testify were blocked, and that was just the beginning of the highly suspicious actions of court cases that took place over the course of the following 6 years. he died of a heart attack in 98.

    Arie M. DeGeus - free energy battery - inventor of a revolutionary, affordable, clean energy technology, of AMDG Scientific Corp was found slumped in his car, totally unresponsive, and later was pronounced dead.

    "Major discovery' from MIT primed to unleash solar revolution - Scientists mimic essence of plants' energy storage system "
    "Daniel G. Nocera, the Henry Dreyfus Professor of Energy at MIT, has developed a simple method to split water molecules and produce oxygen gas, a discovery that paves the way for large-scale use of solar power"

    Obama should be funneling 10 billion into the MIT discovery, not investing in Chrysler.

  • Posted By: misterharban @ 04/21/2009 1:31:05 PM

    Until we learn that technology is not a toy that will allow us to fulfill our fantasy du jour, this talk about reducing our energy needs is just a crock. In the energy crisis of the '70's (you older guys know -- the moral equivalent of war), the government looked to technology to reduce energy use by mandating improved efficiency for major appliances in the home. And we saw substantial improvements in the efficiency of everything from air conditioners and furnaces, to water heaters and TV's and insulation. So we bought bigger houses -- more efficient houses for sure -- but houses that ate up all the technical gains to allow us to put fewer people in more living space. In the end, no net reductions in residential energy use.

    The history of improvements in automobile efficiency is the same story. From 1980 to the present cars have become bigger, more powerful and faster. According to data available from the Energy Information Agency, if the cars we drive weighed the same and accelerated the same as cars in 1980, the technology we developed would reduce fuel consumption by 20 or so percent. If we drove the same number of miles per capita that we drove we would reduce fuel consumption by an other 30 or so percent. And the problem is not solely attributable to SUV's and increased commuting. Cars across the entire spectrum are bigger and heavier than in 1980 and a majority of the increased miles are discretionary recreational miles -- not commuting miles. Great technology gains. And every time we realize them we find new and creative ways to squander their true value.

    Technology provides us great hope. But our fantasy that technology will change things so we will not have to change ourselves is simply a pipedream. We may free ourselves from the yoke of imported oil with electric cars -- cars whose batteries are made from materials like lithium which comes from South America. Or nickel which we don't produce either. We may develop something like cold fusion which requires precious metals like palladium which comes mostly from Russia. We were persuaded that we could get energy from our farms. And we are discovering that it will come at the cost of reducing our ability to grow food, will result in more chemicals being introduced into the environment and indirectly result in the depletion of finite groundwater resources which will surely be gone even before the oil runs out.

    But there is no technology which will reduce our reliance on other countries and/or reduce the prospects of environmental problems which will work without our willingness to change ourselves.

  • Posted By: Nails Idiots @ 04/21/2009 11:01:42 AM

    Fareed spews but never has anything intelligent to say

Reply

Report Abuse

Enter comments if any for reporting abuse

My Take

Customize the NEWSWEEK homepage
to feature your favorite columnists.

Customize Now