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We Don’t Do ‘Regime Change’

 
 
 

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Ibrahim Gambari is the U.N. point man on one of the world's toughest regimes to charm, Burma. Since taking the job in May, Gambari has visited Rangoon several times, urging the junta to respect human rights and recognize the opposition led by Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi. His last two visits came after the bloody September crackdown on monks protesting the rising price of fuel. Gambari is one of few outsiders to meet the secretive and isolated junta supremo, Than Shwe. He spoke with NEWSWEEK'S Patrick Falby on the state of Burma. Excerpts:

FALBY: You briefed the U.N. Security Council before it issued its first condemnation of the junta, then met Than Shwe. How'd it go?
GAMBARI: Um, I was received. [Laughs] The secretary-general [Ban Ki-moon] asked me to deliver some very tough messages to the senior general. In the very hierarchical system that they have, it was important for Than Shwe to hear them: demands for a stop to the killings; a removal of the curfew; removal of the military from the streets of major cities Yangon [Rangoon] and Mandalay; release of persons detained as a result of the crisis, but also release of political detainees, including especially, Aung San Suu Kyi. He was, of course, taken aback because they're pretty isolated. They were somewhat surprised about how the world thinks of them. From their point of view, this was a small minority of monks instigated from outside.

You've gone to Burma twice since the crackdown. How have negotiations gone?
We suggested a commencement of dialogue—the appointment of a government liaison officer to talk with Aung San Suu Kyi. We suggested appointment of a review commission to look at the Constitution. The other suggestion was to establish a poverty-alleviation commission to address the root causes of socioeconomic discontent because, after all, it was the increase in fuel prices that triggered the crisis. They did some of the things; others are still pending.

Many people say these half steps show the regime is not cooperating.
I don't get involved with that. I just want to judge it by what they commit to do and what they do and what we want to do.

They haven't lived up to their commitments.
No, no they haven't but …

You're still optimistic?
I refuse to say whether I'm optimistic or pessimistic. We told them, "These are the things you need to do. I will come back, I will check it on my checklist." There are not many checks yet. But the curfew has ended, the military has been removed from the streets, a large number of detained people have been released—although I was unhappy with the fact that some of them were rearrested or new people were arrested. So far, they've taken some steps—not as far as we want and not on all fronts—but they have taken some steps.

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  • Posted By: BurmeseLady @ 02/22/2008 2:34:31 AM

    "The talks are long overdue. The release of Aung San Suu Kyi and the other political prisoners is long overdue. Those are also the best way to avoid more sanctions."

    What exactly does Gambari mean by saying that?? does he mean Daw Aung San Suu Kyi have to house arrested all da time???
    F**k UN, F**K China...all only rely on bullsh!t.....

  • Posted By: Bornita @ 02/04/2008 8:52:47 AM

    I would love to read/hear more interviews of Burmese people themselves so as to understand the issue more clearly. Unfortunately the interest cools in the media as the violence goes back the hidden sphere, but I am sure that there is still a lot to be done.

  • Posted By: On Viewer @ 01/20/2008 1:58:10 PM

    If we believe "Punishment is to improve", to change the behavior of regime, it is needed not only to talk, but to reward and recognize its progress. It will lubricate its road map to roll forwards. Even the bad kid loves sweet words. But, these words are rarely heard in global community. Always, blame after blame.
    Fortunately, Japan and UK resumed humanitarian aid to Myanmar. EU's view on Myanmar turned to pragmatic. EU you started to listen voices of Myanmar neighbors. Soon, Carrot-and-Stick Approach may be practically realized. We hope so.
    Sanctions, on many aspects, make burden on common people and drag development in Myanmar. Sanctions bring poverty, diseases and brain drain. Skyrocketing fuel prices is the partial cause of September demonstration in Myanmar, but the primary is that common people face difficulties on living. Economic, health and education systems can not run effectively in Myanmar, and sanctions worsen them.
    "'Not only will they not work, but they will be counterproductive, noting that the only place where sanctions worked was in South Africa because the people supported the action and even there it took 10 years for the government to change", said Singapore's Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong.
    If urging reform is intended for Myanmar peoples' sake, please, let them have break to breathe during reform is in progress, by providing humanitarian and development aid. Let them savor the taste of Democracy in advance. Then, they will surely chase to Democracy with the growth of middle class.
    Many problems will be solved gradually without much effort. Simultaneously political process for reform is being carried out. Speedy! It is time to turn strategic move from "Sanctions for reform "to "Aid for reform ". A stone to shoot two birds: welfare of people and reform!

    On Viewer
    Myanmar

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