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By Tom Howarth
Science Reporter (Nature)
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Air quality levels across large swathes of California have deteriorated as fires, such as the newly ignited Hughes Fire, continue to burn in and around Los Angeles.
While air quality in Southern California is generally better, low wind speeds in northern portions of the state are allowing poor air to linger.
Sierra County was worst affected, with a peak Air Quality Index (AQI) of 168 in its county seat of Downieville, according to government-run website Air Now.
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AQIs above 150 are considered unhealthy, meaning "some members of the general public may experience health effects; members of sensitive groups may experience more serious health effects."
Why This Matters
While the wildfires in LA have had devastating effects on areas that they scorch, air quality impacts can travel hundreds of miles.
Of particular concern are tiny particles of burnt materials measuring less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter.
Known as "PM2.5," these particles are over 30 times smaller than the width of a human hair. Their microscopic size allows them to penetrate deep into the lungs, enter the bloodstream, and spread to tissues and organs throughout the body, posing significant health risks.
What to Know
The worst affected counties were Sierra, with an AQI of 168 along with Modoc and Kings, with AQIs of 146 and 135, respectively.
Stratford City in Kings County had the worst air quality in the state with an AQI of 181, according to the air quality tracking service IQAir.
Residents in areas suffering from poor air quality are advised to remain indoors where possible with windows and doors shut, limit outdoor activity and wear appropriate protective masks when going outside.
Running air conditioning and purification units is also advised to reduce exposure.
Members of sensitive groups for particle pollution include people with heart or lung disease, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, older adults and children.
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What People Are Saying
The South Coast Air Quality Management District said in a post on X (formerly Twitter): "Wearing an N95 [respirator] can provide protection from wildfire smoke and ash if worn properly."
The California Environmental Protection Agency said in a post on X: "Wildfire smoke can travel hundreds of miles and impact communities far away from active fires. If your community is affected, stay indoors to minimize smoke exposure."
What Happens Next
As fire crews continue to battle fierce blazes across LA, there is good news on the horizon.
Today, a deep upper-level low-pressure system will descend into the western U.S., driving a surface frontal system southward across the area, according to the National Weather Service.
This upper-level low is expected to stall over the Southwest during the weekend, generating a coastal low-pressure system near California. The system is likely to deliver beneficial rainfall to Southern California, aiding firefighting efforts and improving air quality.
Until the rain arrives on Saturday, dry conditions and elevated fire risks will persist.
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